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HTML is not just the foundation we build on, it's vital in making our websites accessible, usable and performant. We'll explore how we can make the most of our HTML elements and attributes to improve the performance and accessibility of our website and applications as well as boosting the efficiency of our development process. All by using a technology we are already use day to day, but just using it better than we were before. At the end of the talk you'll be able to make things more useful and usable, not just for performance and accessibility but for our users and different technologies as well.
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### Summary of 'Advanced HTML for Performance & Accessibility' In her talk at RubyConf AU 2024, Mandy Michael emphasizes the importance of utilizing HTML not just as a foundational web technology, but as a crucial element in enhancing website performance and accessibility. She encourages developers to rethink their approach to HTML, dispelling the misconception that its simplicity equates to insignificance. #### Key Points: - **Value of HTML**: HTML is vital for conveying the structure and meaning of content on the web. Its simplicity often leads developers to overlook its significance. - **Accessibility Concerns**: Proper use of HTML elements directly impacts the accessibility tree constructed by browsers, which assists technologies such as screen readers. Using generic elements like `<div>` leads to poor accessibility outcomes. - **Content Structure**: Utilizing semantic HTML tags over generic ones improves content structure. For instance, using appropriate heading levels helps identify the hierarchy of content, improving navigation for assistive technologies. - **Performance Implications**: A well-structured HTML document can reduce the complexity of the DOM, leading to improved load times and better performance metrics. It is essential to keep the DOM tree manageable. - **Use of Built-in Elements**: Leverage native HTML functionality for features like buttons and forms instead of replicating them with `<div>` elements. This reduces the need for additional JavaScript, streamlining code and enhancing performance. - **Resource Loading Optimization**: Mandy discusses HTTP/2 and the importance of resource prioritization to improve loading times. Techniques like `preconnect`, `dns-prefetch`, and `preload` play significant roles in optimizing resource requests from the server. - **Implementing Fetch Priority**: The fetch priority attribute allows developers to adjust the priority of resources, enhancing browser performance during the loading process. - **Conclusion**: The session concludes with the message that careful consideration and proper implementation of HTML can enhance both accessibility and performance. Developers are encouraged to invest time in learning how to use HTML effectively, as it leads to more usable and responsive web applications. #### Takeaways: By understanding and applying the semantics of HTML effectively, developers can create web pages that serve a broader range of users and technologies while also resulting in better overall performance. Mandy invites attendees to reach out for further questions, emphasizing the accessible nature of the resources she shared during her presentation.
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