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It’s a pleasure to come back to Ruby Day. I have a strong connection with this conference because I am Italian. Ruby Day feels like Christmas to me.
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It’s a time when I see familiar faces that I haven’t seen for a year. We come here, hug each other, cheer, and then another year passes.
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Thank you, Crisp, for bringing this Christmas spirit once again this year. I lost my control here due to a technical problem, but we will overcome it.
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The last time I was here was not last year, but a few years ago. Hanami was still called Lotus for those who didn’t know.
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We have a lot to discuss today, including a look at the future. But before we dive in, let me introduce myself. My name is Luca Guidi, and I am the author of Hanami, which is an open-source project.
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Specifically, it’s a web framework for Ruby. I work remotely from Rome, Italy, for a company called DNSimple.
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We provide domain registrations, DNS, SSL Certificates, and everything can be automated through an API written with Hanami. Hanami has been battle-tested with this API.
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If you are looking to build your infrastructure automation, I encourage you to check it out. I have stickers and t-shirts, so make sure to say hi.
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We will discuss everything related to Ruby and Hanami.
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Quickly, a digression about Hanami 1.0: Lotus was eventually renamed due to copyright issues.
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There was a strong demand for 1.0 because people wanted to know if Hanami was stable and production-ready. It was being used by several companies for a long time.
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I understand the concern because Hanami, being an open-source project, involved a substantial amount of investment.
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People wanted to know if the design was stable enough for companies to invest in.
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I want to send a strong signal to the community: enough testing. This is no longer an experiment.
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This is something we are using to build projects where money is involved, and you can do the same.
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I released 1.0, but I wasn't 100% satisfied with the design, which is a natural part of creative work.
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Filmmakers and writers often postpone release dates until their products are perfect, but perfection never truly materializes.
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We have a multitude of ideas, but only a few are worth implementing in software.
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I faced a chicken-and-egg problem. I wanted Hanami to organically evolve as a software project but needed to take a decisive step.
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Releasing 1.0 was the best decision because I needed to stop and move on to the next chapter of this project.
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Taking that step was also advantageous because, working with just a few people on the team, our vision was narrow.
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With 1.0 and substantial community feedback, we leveraged collective intelligence to uncover insights about our software.
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It's a paradox that sharing improves the outcome. We have all experienced this in open source.
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Thanks to feedback, we saw a 30% growth in our adoption rate last year.
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With all this feedback, we decided to maintain the strengths of 1.0 while reshaping the software.
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Today, I want to outline the principles behind Hanami 2.0.
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We are still refining the code structure, but I want the community to understand our intentions.
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Seeing the software directly may lead to questions that I hope to answer today.
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Here is a high-level perspective of what Hanami 2.0 will look like. We aim to keep the same features but reshape them.
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Hanami is sufficient for building web applications; it’s simply a matter of restructuring how components are arranged.
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Some existing principles, like strong OOP and stability of use, will remain unchanged.
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These principles are fundamental to the development process.
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We only want to add more value to our framework.
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The first principle is simplification, which comes from community feedback. Hanami 1.0 was optimized for productivity.
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It includes an impressive CLI tool with code generators and test integration.
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However, we observed a ‘what you see is what you get’ approach.
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For instance, by typing `hanami new Instagram`, a multitude of settings is generated.
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This means you won’t have to guess anything about the project structure. Everything will be explicit and documented.
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Inside a Hanami application, it can host multiple apps within the same Ruby process.
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For example, you could have a standalone web application, an admin panel, and an API.
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We believe in a monolith-first approach; there is nothing quicker for your product in the first few years.
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Deploying everything in the same codebase is more efficient.
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Microservices are intriguing, but there's little incentive to invest in them initially.
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There are also strong boundaries inside each application, which I want to clarify.
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Each application within Hanami has its own customizable settings.
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This includes settings like sessions, cookies, assets, and content security policies.
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In our music Instagram example, we will have three applications, each maintaining its configuration.
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While I initially thought this behavior would help, it turned out to be overwhelming for newcomers.
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Developers tried to parse every setting generated, leading to confusion.
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The principle of simplification for Hanami 2.0 will unify all settings in one place.
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We aim for a more streamlined approach with a minimal amount of generated code.
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You’ll only set the necessary configurations, making it easier for newcomers.
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We aim to reduce verbosity and improve performance within Hanami 2.0.
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Previously in 1.0, we had multiple routers for standalone apps, which was inefficient.
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In Hanami 2.0, we will simplify this by merging everything into a single router.
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The second principle focuses on blending functional programming with OOP.
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This can be challenging to grasp, but I will clarify.
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We have seen a rise in functional programming languages like Elixir, influencing many Ruby developers.
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While we are here at Ruby Day, we want to leverage Ruby but also draw inspiration from functional programming.
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Ruby is a multi-paradigm language, and we can use its features to build better code.
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The first concept I want to mention is pipelines.
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Traditionally, we think in terms of MVC applications, but let’s rethink this structure.
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MVC leaves developers alone to manage the most complex parts—our models.
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Models include all business logic, database interactions, and validations.
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The role of a web framework is to direct you on how to structure your features.
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If we consider Instagram, it comprises various features such as sign in/out and picture uploads.
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Rethinking each feature as a pipeline of steps allows for a clearer understanding of the application.
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Each step in this pipeline has a single responsibility.
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Each step takes an input, processes it, and returns an output, functioning as a small algorithm.
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This approach can lead to a more manageable and elegant design.
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By implementing each step as a single-purpose object, we adhere to the single-responsibility principle.
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This beautiful connection between functional programming and OOP leads to better structured applications.
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These features, when built as a pipeline, can be composed to create more complex functionalities.
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The equivalent in functional programming would be small, single-purpose functions.
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Each function performs a specific task, and together, they can accomplish more complex operations.
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Next, let’s talk about how these components should communicate.
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Like LEGO bricks, they should be compatible and communicate effectively.
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Taking inspiration from UNIX, we see how simple tools can be combined to create complex applications.
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In the Ruby community, we’ve successfully integrated web frameworks and servers, enhancing connectivity.
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The beauty lies in the simplicity of our approach, allowing seamless communication.
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Now let's cover callable objects.
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A callable object performs tasks through a single exposed method.
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If we refer back to our upload file example, we see a straightforward object accomplishing a specific task.
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This makes it easy to understand and reuse, meeting our goals of clarity.
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Additionally, dependency injection becomes vital for managing your application's structure.
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Effective dependency management simplifies your code and enhances its maintainability.
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For clarity in code reading, rely on the initializer to understand dependencies rather than guessing.
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Using dependency injection aids in testing your code.
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Maintainability is essential; a good design is one that can be easily understood and extended.
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To achieve this, we need our objects to be deterministic, meaning the same input yields the same output.
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This predictability is key to avoiding bugs in your applications.
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Avoiding shared mutable states aids in producing more reliable software.
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Likewise, immutability simplifies coding patterns and enhances performance.
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Using immutability allows us to maintain the integrity of data throughout our applications.
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In Hanami 2.0, components will be immutable to minimize complications.
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The result is a streamlined interaction between the database and each incoming request.
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Ultimately, using these principles minimizes the complexity associated with Ruby garbage collection.
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Lastly, I want to emphasize that our community-driven approach is essential.
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Software is created by people, for people, and we must remain open to community feedback.
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Collaboration fosters stronger ecosystems. We’re teaming up with ROM and Dry.
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Our shared goal is to unify our projects, eliminating redundancy.
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We will integrate these projects to build Hanami 2.0 effectively.
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The timeline for our goals is projected by the end of the year.
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The essential part is our collaboration, leading to a stronger Ruby ecosystem.
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Our focus is on fostering a culture of sharing and integrating our experiences.
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To conclude, when 2.0 will be released is still unclear, but we’re making progress.
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I believe the future of Ruby is bright, and we’re entering an exciting era.
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The possibilities that these developments can bring to your daily work are incredible.
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Thank you.
