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Tens of millions of people can download and play the same game thanks to mobile app distribution platforms. Highly scalable and reliable API backends are critical to offering a good game experience. Notable characteristics here is not only the magnitude of the traffic but also the ratio of write traffic. How do you serve millions of database transactions per minute with Rails? The keyword to solve this issue is "multiple databases," especially sharding. From system architecture to coding guidelines, we'd like to share the practical techniques derived from our long-term experience.
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In the video titled "Scaling Rails API to Write" presented by Takumasa Ochi at RailsConf 2021, the speaker delves into the challenges and solutions for handling write-heavy traffic encountered by mobile game API backends. Takumasa introduces his professional background and the mission of DNA, the company he represents, which focuses on diverse services including mobile gaming. The session outlines several key points: - **Mobile Game API Characteristics**: The speaker emphasizes the significance of non-real-time servers in mobile gaming environments, which manage transactions and data storage tasks, highlighting the disproportionate traffic focused on write operations. - **Scalable Database Configurations**: Takumasa discusses the importance of strategic database management approaches, including vertical splitting, horizontal sharding, and read-write splitting. He explains how these configurations allow for managing heavy database transactions effectively. - **API Design for Write Scalability**: Through the exploration of resource-focused API designs and replication processes, the speaker highlights strategies that offload read traffic from writer nodes, addressing challenges of latency and consistency to ensure optimal performance. - **Sharding Mechanisms and Data Locality**: The session illustrates various sharding configurations such as multi-tenant and single-tenant designs and their impact on performance and consistency in gameplay scenarios. Some scenarios, like handling friends lists and training requests, demonstrate how sharding can enhance scalability without sacrificing user experience. - **Consistency Issues with Multiple Databases**: Takumasa discusses advanced methods for achieving eventual consistency across multiple databases, highlighting rules to manage transactions reliably, including a relaxed two-phase commit and the use of identity keys in managing anomalies. - **Avoiding Pitfalls in Database Management**: The commentary cautions against oversights when managing multiple databases, urging extensive testing to confirm system integrity and reliability before launch. The session concludes by summarizing the importance of employing all aspects of multiple databases and emphasizes testing techniques lean toward robustness and adaptiveness. Takumasa encourages developers to contribute back to the Rails community, emphasizing that collaboration can turn technical debt into assets for future development. This comprehensive session provides practical insights into optimizing Rails API systems for game development, addressing both technical implementation and consistency management.
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