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Ruby 3 will ship with a new feature for type checking, RBS. It provides a language to describe types of Ruby programs, the type declarations for standard library classes, and a set of features to support using and developing type checkers. In this talk, I will introduce the feature and how the Ruby programming will be with RBS.
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The video titled "The State of Ruby 3 Typing," presented by Soutaro Matsumoto at RubyKaigi Takeout 2020, focuses on the introduction of a new feature in Ruby 3 known as RBS (Ruby Signature). This feature aims to enhance type checking within Ruby programs by allowing developers to declare types using a dedicated language. Key points discussed in the presentation include: - **Introduction to RBS**: RBS serves as both the language for declaring types and a gem included with Ruby 3, facilitating the reading, writing, and processing of type definitions. It includes pre-defined type declarations for standard library classes. - **Availability of Type Checkers**: Notably, Ruby 3 will not ship with a default type checker, giving developers the freedom to choose the most suitable type checker for their projects. Some prominent type checkers mentioned are: - **Steve**: A Ruby-written type checker developed by the speaker. - **Sorbet**: Currently popular within the Ruby community. - **Type Profiler**: A tool that infers types without explicit annotations. - **RDL**: A research tool led by academic professionals focusing on type checking. - **Static Type Checking**: Matsumoto illustrates the benefits of static type checking using practical Ruby code snippets, emphasizing how it can clarify method expectations and preemptively catch errors that would otherwise require runtime execution to identify. - **RBS Language Features**: By enabling developers to define types externally, RBS enhances clarity regarding method arguments, return types, and class structures. Examples such as the `Conference` class highlight the ease of understanding method interfaces through RBS. - **Advanced Type Support**: RBS accommodates complexities such as generics, union types, optional types, and duck typing, which significantly enrich the type system and promote precision in type definitions. - **Community Adoption and Future Outlook**: The video expresses a belief that while static typing via RBS is a progressive step in Ruby's evolution, it should remain an optional practice to allow developers to gradually integrate typing into their workflows. In conclusion, RBS represents a significant enhancement to Ruby's typing capabilities, aiming to bridge dynamic Ruby programming with the benefits of static typing. Developers are encouraged to adopt RBS to improve code quality without enforcing rigid typing structures within their projects. Soutaro Matsumoto ends with an invitation for questions and feedback, reiterating the importance of community engagement as Ruby 3 and RBS evolve.
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